Artificial calcium increase can improve fruit quality. Winter is the season for storing fruits. Large fruits such as apples, pears, citrus, grapes, mangoes, and longan are harvested and then enter the stage of transportation, storage and consumption. Some fruits have good appearance and eating quality just after harvesting, but problems occur after storage for a period of time, such as apple bitter disease, pear black heart disease, jujube cracked fruit, mango depression, etc., and the quality decline is not resistant to storage. Scientific research has shown that these physiological conditions are due to the low calcium levels of the fruit itself. How monoammonium phosphate increases the overall calcium nutrition level of fruit trees, especially directly increasing the calcium content in fruits is the most critical issue here. Although the standard value of leaf calcium content has already been established in the nutritional diagnosis of fruit trees, in actual production, the phenomenon of leaf calcium deficiency is far less than that of fruit calcium deficiency. In recent years, the fruit deficiency and calcium deficiency in the orchard has become more and more serious, and the scientific and technological personnel have used the fruit as the target organ to carry out experimental research on fruit calcium-increasing mechanism and artificial adjustment measures. The following calcium nitrate introduces artificially increased calcium adjustment measures before and after harvesting in order to effectively control the incidence of fruit physiological diseases and delay the fruit quality preservation period.
People first ask why among the many essential nutrients, why is the calcium level in the fruit low? How much impact can it have on fruit quality? Calcium deficiency not only shortens the storage life, but also causes a series of physiological diseases such as bitter pox disease, ulcer disease, water heart disease, plugging disease, internal spoilage and porphyria. It should be noted that among the many essential nutrients, the most important feature of calcium is that it is a non-flowable element in the tree. Therefore, it is difficult to regulate the calcium deficiency of the fruit. It is necessary to consider the physiological transport mechanism of different types of fruit trees during growth period. The number of time modes of calcium application, etc., can not be solved simply by applying any kind of calcium fertilizer, but also comprehensively adjusting various environmental factors such as water temperature and nitrogen.
Pre-harvesting calcium-increasing measures The orchard should be timely flooded, drained in time, added with organic fertilizer, and increased the effectiveness of calcium. However, excessive irrigation, the tree grows prolonged, the fruit body increases, the calcium content decreases, and the quality decreases. In the implementation of cultivation, proper soil drought and air drying are beneficial to the improvement of fruit calcium. Welcome to the company **http://
Pay attention to the application of calcium fertilizer, increase the exchangeable calcium in the soil, and prevent the fruit's bitter pox disease from playing a good role. Even in fruit trees cultivated in calcareous soil, although the soil contains a large amount of calcium ions, the fruit may still be deficient in calcium. For example, some apples have a reduced hardness, and bitter pox disease occurs during storage.
Appropriate and timely application of nitrogen fertilizer should not be applied to nitrogen fertilizer, especially a large amount of ammonium fertilizer. The experiment shows that NH4+ is not conducive to the absorption and transportation of Ca2+. At present, the fertilization of fruit trees in production tends to be biased towards nitrogen fertilizer, which leads to the imbalance of nitrogen and calcium, resulting in fruit deficiency. Calcium problems, experience has shown that too high N / Ca can cause apple bitter disease.
In addition, it is also necessary to see that a large amount of potassium and magnesium can accelerate the deficiency of calcium.
In view of the large demand for calcium in the fruiting period of fruit trees, the top dressing is carried out. The top dressing should be concentrated within 6 weeks after the flowering, and the nutrient solution containing calcium should be sprayed on the young fruit. For example, spraying 1%~2% calcium chloride solution several times in 4~5 weeks after flowering; spraying 2.5%~3.0% calcium chloride solution 1~3 times in the month before fruit picking, the effect is good. Types of calcium fertilizer that can be used: calcium chloride and calcium nitrate are commonly used. In recent years, some high value-added organic calcium has also been very effective.
For bagged fruit, it should be sprayed before bagging. For example, spraying 0.5% Ca(AC)2 effectively increases hardness and reduces decay; reduces litchi and cherry cracking. However, if the spray concentration is too high, spots, leaves, etc. may occur.
Post-harvest calcium-increasing technology uses post-harvest calcium, calcium infiltration and calcium infiltration in production practice, which can significantly improve the quality of fruit storage and inhibit fruit rot caused by pathogen infection. Post-harvest calcium infiltration: It is a good method to make the calcium level of the pulp appropriate and reduce the epidermal damage. The infiltrated calcium penetrates into the interior of the fruit through the gap of the waxy layer of the fruit epidermis. The post-harvest treatment can be combined with the air-conditioning, and the heat treatment can effectively maintain the fruit firmness and reduce the occurrence of alopecia.
The post-harvest calcium infiltration method has the highest calcium content by the method of pressurized calcium permeation, and the calcium-treated fruit is more than 2 to 3 times more than the calcium content of the fruit treated by spray dipping or temperature difference soaking. However, calcium treatment can significantly reduce the amount of aroma released in stored apples, and too high will cause damage to the skin, but the processing quality will decline.
During the storage of fruit, Ca2+ redistributes in different parts. In the apple, Ca2+ is transferred from the heart area to the outer layer. If CaCl2 is injected into the heart of apple, it can inhibit bitter pox.
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