**Technology Trends: A New Approach to Preventing Fatigue Driving**
In China, fatigue driving is a major contributor to traffic accidents, ranking as the second leading cause. Despite numerous studies over the years on how to effectively prevent this issue, the results have been less than satisfactory. Recently, American scientists have introduced a new technique involving steering wheel monitoring to detect and prevent fatigue, which has undergone multiple trials.
China's motor vehicle population accounts for only 1.9% of the world’s total, yet it experiences 15% of global traffic fatalities. For several consecutive years, China has had the highest number of road traffic deaths worldwide, with fatigue driving being a significant factor. (Note: This data may not be up-to-date.)
An effective fatigue monitoring system can help reduce these incidents. Previously, various wearable devices were developed to alert drivers when they became drowsy. Major car manufacturers like Ford, Volkswagen, and Volvo have also introduced in-vehicle systems that monitor a driver’s mental state. However, relying solely on the driver’s reaction to fatigue is not always reliable.
Recently, researchers at Washington State University have proposed a fresh solution: using the steering wheel to detect and prevent fatigue-related hazards. In their experiment, 29 participants completed a psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) for 10 consecutive days. Afterward, they were generally in a moderately fatigued state. Each night, they performed four 30-minute driving tasks on a simulator.
The research team collected detailed data, including 87 different metrics such as car speed, acceleration, steering wheel rotation, and lane position. To enhance the reliability of their findings, another 12 participants underwent the same PVT test during the day.
The study revealed that steering wheel movement and lane position are the most accurate indicators of driver fatigue. The data showed that steering-related information could predict a vehicle's trajectory and reflect the driver’s mental condition. Based on this, the team developed a "vigilance monitoring system." If the system detects fatigue, it automatically lowers the window, plays music, and helps the driver regain focus.
Currently, existing fatigue monitoring systems fall into two main categories: those based on DSP infrared technology and those based on driver behavior or vehicle trajectory. The former uses infrared sensors to track eye movements and determine fatigue levels. For example, BYD’s BAWS system uses this method.
Many car manufacturers use camera-based systems to detect lane drift and assess driver attention. However, these systems can be costly, complex, and ineffective under certain conditions—such as on curved roads, in darkness, or on faded lanes.
In contrast, the steering wheel monitoring technology is more affordable and easier to install. The design team hopes to integrate low-cost components into new vehicles and later sell them through the auto parts market. Although still in the research phase, Professor Van has already filed a patent application with researcher Forsman. He believes the technology is close to commercialization.
"We want to develop a better way to detect a driver’s mental state and prevent them from falling into deep fatigue, thus avoiding potential disasters," said Professor Van. He believes that if we can predict fatigue, most people will avoid danger. With the ability to detect early signs of tiredness, the steering wheel monitoring system gives drivers enough time to react and escape life-threatening situations.
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