To successfully grow ginger, start by selecting a suitable plot of land. Choose deep, loose, and fertile sandy soil that is easy to irrigate and avoid planting the same crop continuously in the same area.
Before planting, prepare the soil by applying a base fertilizer. Use 1000–1500 kg of well-rotted farmyard manure, 50 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate, and 20 kg of compound fertilizer. Create raised beds that are 1 meter wide and 20 cm high, and make furrows for sowing across the surface.
For seed preparation, expose the ginger rhizomes to sunlight for two days before disinfecting them. Soak them in a 2% formalin solution for 6–8 hours, then rinse thoroughly with water. Alternatively, you can soak the seeds in agricultural chains for 6–7 hours. Planting should take place between early March and mid-April. The recommended spacing is 0.25 m × 0.4 m, with approximately 3,500–4,000 ginger plants per mu.
Field management is crucial for healthy growth. During the seedling stage, apply light fertilization. Afterward, perform two additional topdressing applications. The first one should be done between early June and early July, when the ginger is actively growing and absorbing nutrients. At this time, apply 20 kg of nitrogen fertilizer and 10 kg of urea. The second application occurs between early September and early October, when the ginger tubers are rapidly expanding. Apply 30 kg of compound fertilizer and 10 kg of potassium chloride.
Shading is important during the summer months when temperatures are high. To reduce heat stress, intercrop with shade-providing crops like corn or soybeans. Additionally, cover the spaces between the ginger rows with straw to reduce soil temperature and retain moisture.
Water management is essential throughout the growing season. Keep the soil consistently moist, and if dry conditions occur, provide a thorough watering known as "horse water."
Pest and disease control should be carried out proactively. For ginger rot, use disease-free rhizomes and disinfect them before planting. In the early stages of infection, spray with agricultural streptomycin, chlorothalonil, or Bordeaux mixture every 15 days for 3–4 times. Remove and burn severely infected plants, and treat the affected holes with lime.
For anthracnose, apply a mixture of methyl thiophanate and carbendazim at the early stage of infection. For leaf spot, use trichlorfon combined with an insecticide during the active period.
By following these steps, you can ensure a healthy and productive ginger harvest.
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