Fly maggot is a high-quality, comprehensive protein source that offers significant nutritional value. It contains 55-65% crude protein and 2.6-12% fat, with the protein content in both the original material and dried powder being comparable or even slightly higher than that of fresh fish, fishmeal, and meat and bone meal. This protein is rich in 17 essential amino acids, with each amino acid present in higher concentrations than in fishmeal. Specifically, the levels of essential amino acids and methionine are 2.3 and 2.7 times greater than those in fishmeal, while lysine is 2.6 times higher. The total percentage of essential amino acids in the original and dried maggot samples was 44.09% and 43.83%, respectively—both exceeding the FAO/WHO recommendation by 40%. Additionally, the overall amino acid ratio (essential + non-essential) reached 0.79 and 0.78, surpassing the 0.6 threshold set by the same organization.
Beyond amino acids, fly maggots also contain a wide range of trace elements crucial for life processes, including iron, zinc, manganese, phosphorus, cobalt, chromium, nickel, boron, potassium, calcium, magnesium, copper, selenium, and tellurium. These nutrients make them a highly valuable feed ingredient.
Fly maggot is an excellent alternative to fishmeal in animal feed. Studies have shown that replacing part or all of the fishmeal with maggot-based feed results in improved growth and productivity. For example, when laying hens were fed 10% maggot powder instead of 10% fishmeal, their egg production rate increased by 20.3%, and feed efficiency improved by 15.8%. Farmers saw a 72.3% increase in income. In pig feeding trials, pigs given 100 grams of maggot powder daily gained 7.18% more weight than those fed fishmeal, with a 13.2% reduction in cost per kilogram of weight gain. The protein content in lean meat was also 5% higher. When used in grass carp feed, 25% maggot powder outperformed 20% Peruvian fishmeal, boosting weight gain by 20.8% and improving protein efficiency by 16.4%, while reducing feed costs by 0.29 yuan per kilogram of fish.
Additionally, fly maggots serve as a nutritious and palatable bait for various special economic animals. They can be directly fed to species such as frogs, crabs, shrimp, scorpions, and water scorpions, or incorporated into mixed feeds. When live maggots were added to the diet of juvenile shellfish, they gained an average of 4.53 grams per month, with a 160.27% weight gain rate—over three times that of those fed egg yolk. These results confirm that fly maggots are not only a sustainable protein source but also a highly effective and economical feed option for both livestock and aquaculture.
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