Anhui stainless steel processing parts processing technology
    The processing technology of Anhui stainless steel and related tool parameters should be quite different from ordinary structural steel materials. The specific processing techniques are as follows:
Drilling Processing
In the drilling process, due to the poor thermal conductivity of Anhui stainless steel materials, the elastic modulus is small, and the hole processing is also difficult. To solve the hole machining problem of such materials, it is mainly to select the appropriate tool material, determine the reasonable tool geometry, and set the cutting amount of the tool. When drilling the above materials, it is common to use drill bits made of W6Mo5Cr4V2Al or W2Mo9Cr4Co8. These drill bits are expensive and hard to find. When using standard high-speed steel drill bits like W18Cr4V, they have issues with wide chips, poor chip evacuation, and inadequate cooling, leading to high cutting temperatures, which can cause chipping and burning on the flanks and main edges, reducing the tool life.
(1) Tool Geometry Parameter Design When drilling with W18Cr4V high-speed steel drill bits, the cutting force and temperature concentrate at the tip. To improve the durability, increase the apex angle to 135°-140°, which narrows the chips and facilitates removal. However, this increases the chisel edge width, so it must be ground. The slant angle of the chisel edge should be between 47°-55°, and the rake angle between 3°-5°. The corner of the cylindrical surface should be rounded for better strength. Due to the low elastic modulus of stainless steel, work hardening occurs, so the relief angle should be increased to 12°-15° to reduce wear and temperature. Staggered grooves should also be cut on the flanks to aid chip removal.
(2) Cutting Amount When drilling, the cutting speed should be kept low to reduce heat, typically around 12-15 m/min. Feed rate has less impact on tool life, but too low a feed causes cutting into the hardened layer, increasing wear. Too high a feed reduces surface quality. A recommended feed rate is 0.32-0.50 mm/r.
(3) Cutting Fluid Selection Using an emulsion helps cool the drill bit during operation.
2. Reaming
(1) Tool Geometry Parameter Design Most reaming of stainless steel uses carbide reamers. They have smaller teeth to prevent clogging and a rake angle of 8°-12°, sometimes 0°-5° for high-speed reaming. The relief angle is usually 8°-12°, and the blade inclination angle is 10°-20°. The land width is 0.1-0.15mm, and the taper on the reamer is larger than normal. For roughing, the allowance is 0.2-0.3mm, and for finishing, 0.1-0.2mm.
(2) Cutting Amount Selection For reaming, the feed rate is 0.08-0.4mm/r, and the cutting speed is 10-20m/min. Use carbide tools for roughing and high-speed steel for finishing.
(3) Cutting Fluid Selection Use full-loss oil or molybdenum disulfide for cooling during reaming.
3. Boring Processing
(1) Tool Material Selection Due to high cutting forces and temperatures, choose high-quality YW or YG-type hard alloys. For finishing, use YT14 or YT15 carbide inserts. Ceramic tools are suitable for large-scale production. Because of their toughness and work hardening, chips tend to vibrate and break the tool. Sialon ceramic is ideal, especially α/βSialon, which resists high-temperature deformation and diffusion wear. It’s used in nickel-based alloys with longer life than Al₂O₃ ceramics. SiC whisker-reinforced ceramics are also effective for stainless steel or nickel-based alloys.
For quenched parts, CBN (cubic boron nitride) inserts are ideal. With hardness up to 7000-8000 HV, it withstands high cutting temperatures and is chemically inert with iron-group metals up to 1200°C, making it perfect for stainless steel. Its life is dozens of times longer than other tools.
(2) Tool Geometry Parameter Design Carbide tools should have a larger rake angle for smoother cutting. For roughing, 10°-20°; semi-finishing, 15°-20°; finishing, 20°-30°. The main cutting angle depends on system rigidity: 30°-45° if rigid, 60°-75° otherwise. If the workpiece length-to-diameter ratio exceeds 10, 90° is used.
When boring with ceramic tools, use a negative rake angle (-5° to -12°) to strengthen the blade. The relief angle is 5°-12°, and the lead angle is 30°-75° to reduce vibration. For CBN, the rake angle is 0°-10°, relief angle 12°-20°, and main angle 45°-90°.
(3) Ensure the rake face is smooth to avoid chip sticking. Sharpen the front and back flanks to reduce resistance and prevent chip adhesion.
(4) Keep the cutting edge sharp to reduce work hardening. Avoid very small feed or depth of cut to prevent cutting into the hardened layer and extend tool life.
(5) Grind the chipbreaker properly to help break and remove chips effectively.
(6) Select the right cutting amount. Use low speed and high feed for stainless steel.
For ceramic tools, the cutting amount should be selected based on wear and performance. In interrupted cutting, consider the damage law. Since ceramic tools resist heat and wear well, their life is longer than carbide tools. Choose high cutting speed, large depth of cut, and small feed when possible.
(7) Use suitable cutting fluid. For boring, use fluids with good adhesion and cooling properties, such as H1L-2 synthetic cutting fluid, which is chlorine-rich and free of acid and mineral oil.
By adopting these methods, the challenges of machining stainless steel in Anhui can be overcome , greatly improving the tool life of drilling, reaming, and boring operations, reducing sharpening frequency, and boosting productivity.
This leads to better hole quality, reduced worker fatigue, and lower production costs.
    Anhui Science and Technology are to provide long-term professional Anhui stainless steel processing, stainless steel processing Hefei, Anhui stainless steel products, stainless steel products Hefei, Anhui sheet metal processing, stainless steel laser cutting, extensive use of stainless steel. We have always insisted on the selection of stainless steel materials produced by large factories (mainly stainless steel from Taigang) and purchased through formal channels. Some customers are advised to make reasonable selections to ensure that the products processed for the customers can meet the needs of the customers and be responsible to the customers.
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